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Compare French Guiana (2006) - Svalbard (2001)

Compare French Guiana (2006) z Svalbard (2001)

 French Guiana (2006)Svalbard (2001)
 French GuianaSvalbard
Administrative divisions none (overseas department of France) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 28.9% (male 29,540/female 28,210)


15-64 years: 64.8% (male 69,302/female 59,980)


65 years and over: 6.3% (male 6,350/female 6,127) (2006 est.)		 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%
Agriculture - products corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry -
Airports 11 (2006) 4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 1 (2006)		 total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 5 (2006)		 total:
3

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Area total: 91,000 sq km


land: 89,150 sq km


water: 1,850 sq km		 total:
62,049 sq km

land:
62,049 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Indiana slightly smaller than West Virginia
Background First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou. First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.
Birth rate 20.46 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) NA births/1,000 population
Budget revenues: $135.5 million


expenditures: $135.5 million; including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)		 revenues:
$11.5 million

expenditures:
$11.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital name: Cayenne


geographic coordinates: 4 56 N, 52 20 W


time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)		 Longyearbyen
Climate tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year
Coastline 378 km 3,587 km
Constitution 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) -
Country name conventional long form: Department of Guiana


conventional short form: French Guiana


local long form: none


local short form: Guyane		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)
Currency - Norwegian krone (NOK)
Death rate 4.88 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external $800.3 million (2003) -
Dependency status overseas department of France territory of Norway; administered by the Ministry of Industry, Oslo, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was given to Norway
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas department of France) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas department of France) -
Disputes - international Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa) in French Guiana focus of a maritime boundary dispute between Norway and Russia
Economic aid - recipient $NA $8.2 million from Norway (1998)
Economy - overview The economy is tied closely to the much larger French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou (which accounts for 25% of GDP), fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers. Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gives the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some trapping of seal, polar bear, fox, and walrus.
Electricity - consumption 432.6 million kWh (2003) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2003) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2003) -
Electricity - production 465.2 million kWh (2003) NA kWh
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m		 lowest point:
Arctic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Newtontoppen 1,717 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Ethnic groups black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10% Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001) Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 8.7784 (January 2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992 (1999), 7.5451 (1998), 7.0734 (1997), 6.4498 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Jean-Pierre LAFLAQUIERE (since 19 July 2006)


head of government: President of the General Council Pierre DESERT (since 26 March 2004); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils		 chief of state:
King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991)

head of government:
Governor Morten RUUD (since NA November 1998) and Assistant Governor Odd Redar HUMLEGAARD (since NA)

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice
Exports NA bbl/day $NA
Exports - commodities shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing -
Exports - partners France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (2004) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description the flag of France is used the flag of Norway is used
GDP - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA% 6.6%


industry: NA% 15.6%


services: NA% 77.8%		 -
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - real growth rate NA% NA%
Geographic coordinates 4 00 N, 53 00 W 78 00 N, 20 00 E
Geography - note mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area
Highways - total:
NA km

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe -
Imports NA bbl/day $NA
Imports - commodities food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals -
Imports - partners France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2004) -
Independence none (overseas department of France) none (territory of Norway)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining -
Infant mortality rate total: 11.76 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 12.58 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 10.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)		 NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (2003) NA%
International organization participation UPU, WCL, WFTU none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 13 (Svalbard and Jan Mayen) (2000)
Irrigated land 20 sq km (2003) NA sq km
Judicial branch Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana) -
Labor force 62,630 (1999) NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 18.2%


industry: 21.2%


services: 60.6% (1980)		 -
Land boundaries total: 1,240.4 km


border countries: Brazil 730.4 km, Suriname 510 km		 0 km
Land use arable land: 0.13%


permanent crops: 0.04%


other: 99.83% (90% forest, 10% other) (2005)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry)
Languages French Russian, Norwegian
Legal system French legal system NA
Legislative branch unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: General Council - last held in March 2000 (next to be held March 2006); Regional Council - last held 21 and 28 March 2004 (next to be held in 2010)


election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - (second election results) percent of vote by party - PS 37.24%, UMP 31.58%, FDG/Walwari 31.18%; seats by party - PS 17, UMP 7, FDG/Walwari 7


note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 77.27 years


male: 73.95 years


female: 80.75 years (2006 est.)		 total population:
NA years

male:
NA years

female:
NA years
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 83%


male: 84%


female: 82% (1982 est.)		 -
Location Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway
Map references South America Arctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm		 exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia

territorial sea:
4 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France demilitarized by treaty (9 February 1920)
Military branches no regular military forces; Gendarmerie -
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA -
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) NA
Nationality noun: French Guianese (singular and plural)


adjective: French Guianese		 -
Natural hazards high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding ice floes often block up the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic
Natural resources bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), petroleum, kaolin, fish, niobium, tantalum, clay coal, copper, iron ore, phosphate, zinc, wildlife, fish
Net migration rate 4.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Socialist Party or PS [Alix LABBE]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Georges HABRAN-MERY]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP (includes RPR) [Remi Louis DUBOC]; Walwari Committee (aligned with the PRG in France) [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 199,509 (July 2006 est.) 2,332 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.96% (2006 est.) -3.55% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998) AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - NA
Railways - 0 km
Religions Roman Catholic -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.04 male(s)/female


total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2006 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system


international: country code - 594; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 general assessment:
probably adequate

domestic:
local telephone service

international:
satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)
Telephones - main lines in use 51,000 (2001) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 98,000 (2004) NA
Television broadcast stations 3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997) NA
Terrain low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts
Total fertility rate 2.98 children born/woman (2006 est.) NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate 19.2% (December 2003) -
Waterways 3,760 km


note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft (2003)		 none
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